How do we critically assess both the evidence we have—and the gaps where records are missing? How can one document point the way to another, and how do we strengthen our hunches and hypotheses with DNA analysis? In this case study, we will search for the parentage of Eliza Ann Sample Keister (1827-1876) through a wide range of records. Join the journey, test your own analytical skills, and see if you can spot the “next step” that just might topple the brick wall.